Method · Ressacast V1.0

About Ressacast

Ressacast is an experimental coastal-hazard forecast for Santos–Guarujá, São Sebastião and Ubatuba. It converts the combined effect of elevated sea level and wave energy into five qualitative classes: Low, Moderate, High, Very High and Extreme.

Input data

  • Storm surge: water-surface-elevation forecasts from HYCOM ESPC-D-V02 Global Analysis. ESPC-D-V02 is a global coupled ocean and sea-ice prediction system generated with HYCOM and CICE and distributed on a global 1/12° grid. Ressacast retrieves the surf_el surface-elevation variable at representative coastal points and samples it every three hours. Although the source system provides a longer global forecast, the usable window available to the daily Ressacast acquisition normally results in approximately five to five and a half days of classification.
  • Astronomical tide: minute-resolution harmonic tide predictions for Santos, São Sebastião and Ubatuba.
  • Waves: local Wave Power in kW/m produced by GUAECAST. GUAECAST propagates offshore wave conditions from NOAA/NWS WaveWatch III through nested SWAN grids, with atmospheric forcing from GFS.

Calculation

  1. The total water level is calculated as astronomical tide + storm surge.
  2. The reference level is the maximum astronomical tide in the complete harmonic-tide series loaded by the system.
  3. The water-level excess is total water level − maximum astronomical tide.
  4. Wave Power and water-level excess are independently divided into five classes.
  5. The two classes are crossed in the risk matrix below. Wave energy alone does not activate a coastal alert: when total level does not exceed the astronomical reference, the Ressacast class remains Low.
  6. When storm-surge data end or any required value is invalid, the result is N/A; zero-filled values used elsewhere in the operational wave workflow are never classified by Ressacast.

Wave Power bins [kW/m]: <3 · ≥3 to <7 · ≥7 to <15 · ≥15 to <30 · ≥30
Water-level excess bins [m]: ≤0 · >0 to <0.10 · ≥0.10 to <0.20 · ≥0.20 to <0.40 · ≥0.40
Temporal resolution: 3 hours

Risk matrix

Water-level excessWave Power (kW/m)
<33–77–1515–30≥30
≤ 0 mLowLowLowLowLow
>0 to <0.10 mLowLowModerateModerateHigh
≥0.10 to <0.20 mLowModerateModerateHighVery High
≥0.20 to <0.40 mModerateModerateHighVery HighExtreme
≥ 0.40 mModerateHighVery HighExtremeExtreme

Meaning of the colors

  • Low Normal coastal conditions.
  • Moderate Increased coastal attention.
  • High Hazardous coastal conditions.
  • Very High Significant impacts are likely.
  • Extreme Severe impacts are expected.

Limitations

Ressacast is a model-based regional indicator, not an observation or an official warning. Local impacts depend on beach orientation, morphology, coastal structures, model errors and the timing of wave and water-level peaks. The maps are generated automatically and should be interpreted with official meteorological and civil-defense information.